- Produces EPO - acts on bone marrow - which produces RBCs
- Vitamin D absorbed from skin/gut (cholecalciferol) - converted in liver to 25(OH)2D3 - converted in kidney to 1,25(OH)2D3 (calcitriol)
Dysfunction results in accumulation of toxic waste products:
- Fluid retention
- Hypertension
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hormonal disturbances
- Fluid retention
- Hypertension
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hormonal disturbances
- Normochromic normocytic anaemia
- Secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease
(high phosphate & low calcium & low 1,25(OH)2D3 stims PTH)
Biomarkers of “kidney failure”
•Elevated blood urea and creatinine
•Reduced estimated GFR (eGFR)
•High blood potassium and phosphate
•Reduced blood pH and low bicarbonate
•Normochromic normocytic anaemia
•Reduced blood 1,25(OH)2vitamin D3
•Elevated blood parathyroid hormone levels
- Secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease
(high phosphate & low calcium & low 1,25(OH)2D3 stims PTH)
Biomarkers of “kidney failure”
•Elevated blood urea and creatinine
•Reduced estimated GFR (eGFR)
•High blood potassium and phosphate
•Reduced blood pH and low bicarbonate
•Normochromic normocytic anaemia
•Reduced blood 1,25(OH)2vitamin D3
•Elevated blood parathyroid hormone levels
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